ENDODONTIC APPROACH IN ORAL REHABILITATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

World wide experience during COVID-19 pandemic disclosed that the endodontic pathology prevailed among all dental emergencies. The endodontist have to handle a large category of patients: COVID-19 positive, either symptomatic or asymptomatic, and unsuspected/nonactive. To minimize the cross-infection risk a rapid and accurate triage is highly asked since the suspected and active patients should be referred to the dedicated dental settings. In stabilized COVID-19 patients it is pivotal to carry out the treatment of endodontic emergencies as much as possible in a definitive and not palliative manner due to the risk of unpredictable worsening of clinical evolution.

SALIVA IN ORAL REHABILITATION AS SPECIMEN FOR DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTIVE APPROACH DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA

The high infection risk in dental offices during COVID-19 pandemic relies on the crucial role of saliva in supporting viral transmission either by airborne droplets and aerosols or by direct-contact. To avoiding cross-infection in dental setting the specific procedures needs fast salivary detecting tests for early diagnosis of both symptomatic and asymptomatic carrier patients. The use of virucidal oral mouthwashes reduces the viral transmission risk mediated through aerosols and salivary droplets. Prior to oral procedures are recommended 30 seconds oral cavity rinses and 30 seconds gargle in the throat with 9 ml 0.2-0.5 % providone-iodine, 15 ml 1-3% hydrogen peroxide, 15 ml 0.05-0.07% cetylpiridinium chloride or 15 ml 0.12% chlorhexidine.

EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON COGNITIVE MATTER AND INSOMNIA APPLIED STUDY ON JORDANIAN PEOPLE

Background: The emerging of the COVID-19 pandemic has a strong mental impact on the people of Jordan. Some affected Jordanians still face a range of mental health problems due to social isolation, anxiety, and lockdowns. Studies are lacking in the mainstream analyzing this problem, particularly in Jordan. This study aims to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive matters and insomnia among the people of Jordan. Methods: A total of 388 Jordanians affected by COVID-19 pandemics were recruited in July 2020. The demographic information of all respondents was collected by a self-administered questionnaire Insomnia and cognitive matters were assessed through the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for mental disorders screening. Results: the problem of insomnia and low cognitive matter existed generally among people of Jordan as affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 50% of the Jordanians scoring greater than eight on the ISI scale. Jordanians who were likely suffering from cognitive matter had more negative remembering, while individuals with pro-social behavior suffered from insomnia. The demographic results revealed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of insomnia and depression due to poor cognitive matter among COVID-19 affected Jordanians likely suffering from a cognitive matter affecting recognition of things or remembrance. Gender, age, and current place of residence were influencing factors for cognitive matter, while marital status and profession/job were influencing factors for insomnia. Conclusions: According to the findings, this study found that COVID-19 has encouraged a high incidence of insomnia symptoms and a relatively poor cognitive matter among Jordanians The potential cause of insomnia and poor cognitive matter might be linked with gender, age, current place of residence, marital status, profession/job, and the risks associated with the pandemic.

Oral mucosa- Gate for covid-19 infection and correlation with chemical structures of the biocides

The oral mucosa is a mirror of the state of health for the whole organism, representing a natural barrier to infection, an entry gate for a large number of pathogens, a site for microbial multiplication and for initiating disease- specific pathological processes, expressed by lesions, signs and symptoms characteristic for diagnosis. The new global threat to public health, COVID-19 infection can be customized within the oral pathology. The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is characterized by high contagiousness, airborne transmission, directly through inhaled drops or, indirectly, through the use of contaminated objects. The survival of the virus on surfaces, depending on their structure, varies from 4 hours to 9 days. The initiation of infection is possible through the binding of viruses in site of host cells, due to receptor affinity and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE2), distributed in the epithelium, alveoli, ascular endothelium, lung pneumocytes and macrophage. The severity of the infection varies from asymptomatic forms to severe complications, with high motility. In the absence of a treatment or vaccine with proven efficacy, to be approved for use in practice, prevention is limited to respecting hygiene and social spacing, proper use of protective equipment and limiting services and procedures at risk of dispersing aerosols and saliva. © 2020 SYSCOM 18 S.R.L.. All rights reserved.